ABI OMICSS Guide 2021
  • Welcome
  • Week 1
    • Molecular Biology
      • Introduction to Biology
      • Macromolecules
      • DNA & RNA
      • Cell Division
    • Command-Line
      • Connecting to the Server
      • The Linux Command-Line For Beginners
      • The Bash Terminal
    • R Programming
      • Getting Started
      • The Basics
      • Data Types
    • Week 1 Exam
  • Week 2
    • Molecular Biology
      • DNA Proofreading And Repair
      • Telomeres and Telomerase
      • Genes
      • The One Gene, One Enzyme Hypothesis
      • Transcription
      • Translation
    • R Programming
      • Data Types (continuation)
      • Reading Data
      • Subsetting
      • Control Structures
      • Functions
      • Scoping Rules
    • Week 2 Exam
  • Week 3
    • Molecular Biology
      • tRNA and Ribosomes
      • Stages of Translation & Protein Targeting
      • Heredity
      • Probabilities In Genetics
    • R Programming
      • Loop Functions
      • Base Graphics
    • Statistics and R
      • The Basics
    • Week 3 Exam
  • Week 4
    • Molecular Biology
      • Interesting Cases of Genes
      • The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
      • Variation in Species
      • Phenotype plasticity
    • R Programming
      • Practice 2
      • Practice 3
    • Statistics and R
      • Random Variables and Probability Distributions
      • Central Limit Theorem
    • Week 4 Exam
  • Week 5
    • Statistics and R
      • Confidence Interval
      • Introduction to Inference
      • t-distribution and Comparing Means
      • Linear Models
    • Experimental Techniques
      • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
      • Gel Electrophoresis
      • Sanger Sequencing
      • NGS Sequencing
    • Week 5 Exam
  • Week 6
    • Statistics and R
      • Power
      • ANOVA
      • Covariance and Correlation
    • NGS
      • Basic Unix Commands
      • Sequences and Genomic Features
      • FastQC
      • Practice Exercises
    • Week 6 Exam
  • Week 7
    • Statistics and R
      • Monte Carlo Simulation
      • Exploratory Data Analysis
      • Linear Regression
    • NGS
      • BEDtools
      • Alignment and Sequence Variation
      • Integrated Genomics Viewer
    • Week 7 Exam
  • Week 8
    • NGS
      • Variant Calling With GATK
      • Practice 1
    • Week 8 Exam
  • Module Syllabi
  • Additional Resources
  • Conclusion
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  • Alleles vs Genes
  • Gene Expression: The Central Dogma
  • The Genetic Code
  • Congratulations!

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  1. Week 2
  2. Molecular Biology

Genes

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Alleles vs Genes

Genes and alleles are essential to basic genetics, but what are the differences between them?

To find out, watch the video below.

Gene Expression: The Central Dogma

Now that you know the definition of genes, it is important to understand how they provide the DNA instructions for proteins. It happens through a process known as the central dogma.

The Genetic Code

The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material. More specifically, it links groups of nucleotides in an mRNA to amino acids in a protein.

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