> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.abi.am/abi-omicss-guide-2021/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.abi.am/abi-omicss-guide-2021/week-2/molecular-biology/genes.md).

# Genes

## Alleles vs Genes

Genes and alleles are essential to basic genetics, but what are the differences between them?

To find out, watch the video below.

{% embed url="<https://youtu.be/P0nMnPPdW_k>" %}

## Gene Expression: The Central Dogma

Now that you know the definition of genes, it is important to understand how they provide the DNA instructions for proteins. It happens through a process known as the **central dogma.**

Read [this article](https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/gene-expression-central-dogma/central-dogma-transcription/a/intro-to-gene-expression-central-dogma) on the topic of central dogma and gene expression, and return here afterward.

## The Genetic Code

**The genetic code** is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material. More specifically, it links groups of nucleotides in an mRNA to amino acids in a protein.

Read [this article](https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/gene-expression-central-dogma/central-dogma-transcription/a/the-genetic-code-discovery-and-properties) on the topic of the genetic code, and return here afterward.

## Congratulations!

If you made it here, then congratulations! You have successfully completed this section. Move to the next portion of the guide with the arrow buttons below.